The Complexity of Democratic Transition: The Zimbabwe Case, 1999 to 2011
Tawanda Zinyama

Abstract
The road to democratic development in Zimbabwe post 2000 was bumpy and thorny. All the elections held since 2000 were marred by violence, intimidation and killings. Zimbabwe faces many challenges towards its democratic governance, namely institutionalised political violence, blocked constitutionalism, lack of public accountability and transparency; and absence of the rule of law. This paper argues that Zimbabwe must address the following before any future elections, namely, creation of a social, political and economic order that is developmental in mobilising and managing its material, financial and human resources to achieve high economic growth rates, a developmental order which is democratic and respects the human rights of all citizens and a developmental and political order which is socially inclusive.

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