International Journal of Humanities and Social Science

      ISSN 2220-8488 (Print), 2221-0989 (Online) 10.30845/ijhss

      Call for Papers

      International Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IJHSS) is a monthly peer reviewed journal

      Read more...

      Recruitment of Reviewers

      Reviewer's name and affiliation will be listed in the printed journal and on the journal's webpage.

      Read more...

      Pre-Colonial Traditional Organization of The People of Vihiga and Their Early Response to Friends’ African Mission’s Educational Initiatives in Kenya
      Beatrice A. Namatsi

      Abstract
      This paper describes the pre-colonial traditional organization of the people around Kaimosi, in Vihiga District Kenya, in terms of religion, and socio-economic organization. The paper also deals with the nature of early education in the area, the relationship that existed among Friends African Mission schools and lastly, the educational developments at Kaimosi Girls and Chavakali High Schools. Being a historical study, the historical method of inquiry into the past was adopted. Primary sources of data consulted included oral testimonies of actual participants or witnesses of events in Vihiga District. Other primary sources used were archival documents either personal or institutional such as correspondences, photographs, mission publications, minutes of meetings and colonial government annual reports. The main secondary sources utilized were published and unpublished articles and books. Prior to the coming of Europeans, the local community had a religious structure. One of the key elements of kinship structure among the Abaluyia was the family. Traditional education was largely informal since in most cases, there were no definite institutions such as schools. Information was mainly disseminated orally from acknowledged traditional authorities to the target audience. Learning was not systematized by adherence to a specific curriculum. Individuals simply learned by experience in the course of their interaction with members of the community and the physical environment. Every adult played the role of a teacher. Content grew out of the actual physical and social situation of the learner which made it relevant and meaningful. Thus education was a community responsibility. One of the chief responsibilities of adults was to provide the learning situation and the guidance necessary while children, on the other hand, were there to acquire the essential knowledge, responsibility, skills, attitudes and values from the learning environment be it physical, social or spiritual. There was a lot that children learned by listening to myths, legends, folk tales proverbs, riddles, folk songs, rhymes and other aspects of oral literature. Besides promoting mental development, oral literature was entertaining and it was a form of pass time. Then there were social ceremonies which gave children opportunities to learn about the social organization of the clan, the general mode of living, some aspects of tribal culture, customs and the laws that governed the way of life including taboos, religious beliefs and superstitions.

      Full Text: PDF

      主站蜘蛛池模板: 草久在线观看视频| 一本一本久久a久久综合精品蜜桃| 中文字幕日韩wm二在线看| 久久久久久亚洲精品不卡| 久久精品aⅴ无码中文字字幕| 中文字幕亚洲一区二区三区| AV片在线观看免费| 美女被羞羞在线观看| 国产日韩精品一区二区在线观看 | 亚洲一区中文字幕在线电影网| 男人把女人桶到爽| 午夜小视频免费| 老师开嫩苞在线观看| 国产亚洲婷婷香蕉久久精品| 国产jizz在线观看| 国产精品v片在线观看不卡| 91精品国产一区二区三区左线| 稚嫩娇小哭叫粗大撑破h| 国产成人精品久久| 久久无码无码久久综合综合| 久久久久国产视频| 中文字幕一区二区三区永久| 一区二区三区免费在线观看| 日本另类z0zx| 天天躁日日躁狠狠躁一区| 东京一本一道一二三区| 无码精品人妻一区二区三区av| 久久精品久久久久观看99水蜜桃| 果冻传媒国产电影免费看| 天海翼视频在线| 久久国产免费观看精品3| 最新电影天堂快影eeuss| 国产精品9999久久久久| 久久综合给合久久狠狠狠97色| 欧美变态口味重另类在线视频| 亚洲欧美高清在线| 波多野结衣一区二区三区高清av | 好吊妞乱淫欧美| 一区二区三区欧美日韩国产| 成年人网站免费观看| 中文字幕日韩精品有码视频|