International Journal of Humanities and Social Science

      ISSN 2220-8488 (Print), 2221-0989 (Online) 10.30845/ijhss

      Call for Papers

      International Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IJHSS) is a monthly peer reviewed journal

      Read more...

      Recruitment of Reviewers

      Reviewer's name and affiliation will be listed in the printed journal and on the journal's webpage.

      Read more...

      Non-Absolute Obligations: Their Interpretation and Effect in Business Contracts
      Ter Kah Leng

      Abstract
      Business contracts impose absolute obligations to perform. However, the ability of the party obliged may be dependent on third party performance or events beyond his control or he may simply be unwilling to undertake an absolute obligation. Endeavours clauses are therefore used to create non-absolute obligations while requiring some real endeavours to achieve the desired contractual outcome. The precise meaning and scope of endeavours obligations and the exact standards of performance lack clarity. Without sufficient clarity, these obligations may fail for want of certainty. Decisions from common law jurisdictions provide pointers but do not all speak with one voice. This legal uncertainty makes non-absolute obligations unpredictable, giving rise to potential risks and increased business costs. Any difference in interpretation is particularly relevant in cross-border transactions involving the laws of different jurisdictions. This paper demonstrates how this lack of clarity affects the obliged party's efforts in discharging endeavours obligations.

      Full Text: PDF

      主站蜘蛛池模板: 波多野结衣在公众被强| 黄色污污视频下载| 工作女郎在线看| 久久久噜噜噜www成人网| 欧美一区欧美二区| 亚洲欧美精品久久| 激情捆绑国语对白| 刘敏涛三级无删减版在线观看 | 国产露出调教91| 欧美精品亚洲一区二区在线播放| 午夜视频在线观看国产www| 里番acg※里番acg本子全彩| 国产欧美在线不卡| 4hu四虎永久免在线视| 大学生情侣酒店疯狂做| 《溢出》by沈糯在线阅读| 成年人在线免费观看视频网站| 久久人妻夜夜做天天爽| 日韩欧美精品在线观看| 亚洲V欧美V国产V在线观看| 欧美日本在线视频| 亚洲第一成年网站大全亚洲| 热久久这里是精品6免费观看| 免费无码成人av在线播放不卡| 精品欧美一区二区三区精品久久| 四虎免费在线观看| 色噜噜狠狠一区二区三区| 国产亚洲美女精品久久久2020| 高清国产美女**毛片在线| 国产成人午夜片在线观看 | 日本精品视频一区二区| 久久精品中文字幕大胸| 最近2019mv中文字幕免费看| 亚洲av综合色区无码专区桃色| 欧美另类69xxxxxhd| 亚洲国产成a人v在线| 欧美性视频18~19| 亚洲国产成人精品无码区在线秒播 | 精品国偷自产在线视频| 又粗又长又爽又大硬又黄| 老司机激情影院|