International Journal of Humanities and Social Science

      ISSN 2220-8488 (Print), 2221-0989 (Online) 10.30845/ijhss

      Call for Papers

      International Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IJHSS) is a monthly peer reviewed journal

      Read more...

      Recruitment of Reviewers

      Reviewer's name and affiliation will be listed in the printed journal and on the journal's webpage.

      Read more...

      Non-Absolute Obligations: Their Interpretation and Effect in Business Contracts
      Ter Kah Leng

      Abstract
      Business contracts impose absolute obligations to perform. However, the ability of the party obliged may be dependent on third party performance or events beyond his control or he may simply be unwilling to undertake an absolute obligation. Endeavours clauses are therefore used to create non-absolute obligations while requiring some real endeavours to achieve the desired contractual outcome. The precise meaning and scope of endeavours obligations and the exact standards of performance lack clarity. Without sufficient clarity, these obligations may fail for want of certainty. Decisions from common law jurisdictions provide pointers but do not all speak with one voice. This legal uncertainty makes non-absolute obligations unpredictable, giving rise to potential risks and increased business costs. Any difference in interpretation is particularly relevant in cross-border transactions involving the laws of different jurisdictions. This paper demonstrates how this lack of clarity affects the obliged party's efforts in discharging endeavours obligations.

      Full Text: PDF

      主站蜘蛛池模板: 精品国产香蕉伊思人在线又爽又黄 | 欧美一级视频在线| 免费一级毛片清高播放| 老司机精品在线| 国产在线精品一区二区| jjizz全部免费看片| 国产自产视频在线观看香蕉| freee×xx性欧美| 尤物网站在线播放| 中文字幕在线免费视频| 日本高清二区视频久二区| 五月激情丁香网| 欧美人xxxx| 亚洲成人免费电影| 波多野结衣一区二区三区88| 伊人热热久久原色播放www| 精品亚洲欧美无人区乱码| 可播放的欧美男男videos| 色噜噜狠狠色综合成人网| 国产免费无码一区二区| 成人福利免费视频| 国产欧美日韩亚洲一区二区三区| .天堂网www在线资源| 国农村精品国产自线拍| a级片视频网站| 女邻居拉开裙子让我挺进| 一级做a爰全过程免费视频| 成年丰满熟妇午夜免费视频| 久99re视频9在线观看| 日本一卡二卡≡卡四卡精品| 久久人爽人人爽人人片av| 日韩在线一区二区三区免费视频 | 欧美综合区自拍亚洲综合天堂 | 国产一区二区精品久久凹凸| 国产真人无码作爱免费视频| 窝窝影院午夜看片| 国产精品情侣呻吟对白视频| 2022久久国产精品免费热麻豆| 国产精品香蕉在线一区| 91东航翘臀女神在线播放| 毛片a级毛片免费观看免下载|