International Journal of Humanities and Social Science

      ISSN 2220-8488 (Print), 2221-0989 (Online) 10.30845/ijhss

      Call for Papers

      International Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IJHSS) is a monthly peer reviewed journal

      Read more...

      Recruitment of Reviewers

      Reviewer's name and affiliation will be listed in the printed journal and on the journal's webpage.

      Read more...

      Non-Absolute Obligations: Their Interpretation and Effect in Business Contracts
      Ter Kah Leng

      Abstract
      Business contracts impose absolute obligations to perform. However, the ability of the party obliged may be dependent on third party performance or events beyond his control or he may simply be unwilling to undertake an absolute obligation. Endeavours clauses are therefore used to create non-absolute obligations while requiring some real endeavours to achieve the desired contractual outcome. The precise meaning and scope of endeavours obligations and the exact standards of performance lack clarity. Without sufficient clarity, these obligations may fail for want of certainty. Decisions from common law jurisdictions provide pointers but do not all speak with one voice. This legal uncertainty makes non-absolute obligations unpredictable, giving rise to potential risks and increased business costs. Any difference in interpretation is particularly relevant in cross-border transactions involving the laws of different jurisdictions. This paper demonstrates how this lack of clarity affects the obliged party's efforts in discharging endeavours obligations.

      Full Text: PDF

      主站蜘蛛池模板: 美利坚永久精品视频在线观看| 99久久精品久久久久久清纯| 日韩福利电影网| 亚洲日韩欧美一区久久久久我| 精品不卡一区二区| 国产xxxx做受视频| 91麻豆果冻天美精东蜜桃传媒| 岛国大片免费观看| 久久99国产精品尤物| 日韩在线视频网址| 亚洲一区日韩二区欧美三区| 欧美极度极品另类| 午夜网站在线观看免费网址免费| 青娱乐在线视频播放| 国产精品一区二区在线观看| 91精品欧美一区二区三区| 天天视频国产免费入口| 一级毛片免费观看不卡的| 无码丰满熟妇浪潮一区二区AV | 车上做好紧我太爽了再快点| 国产成人精品福利色多多| 美女巨胸喷奶水视频www免费| 国产视频一区二| 99久热只有精品视频免费看| 天天综合网在线| 一个色综合高清在线观看| 成人在线综合网| 中文字幕人妻三级中文无码视频 | 日本边添边摸边做边爱喷水| 九九精品国产99精品| 李丽莎1分37钞视频最大尺度| 亚洲国产欧美日韩精品一区二区三区| 欧美综合自拍亚洲综合图片| 亚洲精品国产精品国自产观看| 玄兵chinesemoney| 从镜子里看我怎么c你| 男朋友想吻我腿中间那个部位| 八戒网站免费观看视频| 精品人妻少妇一区二区| 午夜亚洲国产精品福利| 精品国产www|