A Framework of Space Standards for Roads Widening in Upgrading Informal Settlements for Improvement of Traffic Mobility and Accessibility: The Case of Dar Es Salaam City
Dr. Emmanuel Elifadhili Mchome

Abstract
Improvement of transport network in upgrading informal settlements involves roads widening according to the approved space standards for roads improvement. However, the existing approved space standards are not realistic in informal settlements as they are associated with massive demolition of houses in roads improvement that results into high compensation costs. Under budget constraints there are lack of funds for compensation and that roads are not widened according to the approved space standards. Instead the existing spaces on the ground are used for roads improvement while there is no limit that has been established to provide cut-off point of the minimum space standards for transportation improvement. Consequently the improved roads in highly developed informal settlements do not improve transport network and thus intensifies the problem of traffic mobility and accessibility. This study has therefore, developed a framework of space standards with a lower limit for roads widening that improves transport network. These space standards have been developed to achieve roads widening requirements, roads functional performance requirements and roads design requirements for the purpose of improvement of transport network in upgrading informal settlements.

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